I understood these two views the most, and the combination of them both made the most sense to me in understanding the expression of emotion.
I definitely agree that external objects or physiological reactions have no meanings by themselves, we give them meaning by attributing significance. As the book describes, trembling hands can mean different emotions given the situation the person is in. The trembling hands mean nothing without relating them to a situation and than classifying an emotion to that action. The person can be trembling because they are excited, nervous, or scared, but without attributing significance to this physiological reaction, it means nothing. The second one, social influences on emotions can be related to how in western society, the stereotype for men and emotions is for them to not show them at all. This could be different in other cultures, but because of societies influences, the expression of emotion is shaped by that.
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